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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



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F. S. PRESBREY. 

J " r~l O the student of history, or the casual reader who tlnds delight in that peculiar 
I romance which intertwines itself among the more hardy realities of colonial life and. 
times, the vine-covered hills and sunny valleys of Virginia will always be a region 
of unalloyed interest. Its early struggles, its resplendent achievements, its blood- 
fol fji stained and hallowed memories form a most striking background upon and into- 
f V»-5?<v^^'-^ which has been interwoven a wealth of romance and legendary lore, which, taken 
. ■' as a whole, lends a charm unknown and impossible to any other section of the Union. 
It is now nearly 300 years since that hardy band of Englishmen sailed slowly^' 
up Chesapeake Bay and began the building of American history and 
Jamestown at tiie same time; and yet, for every one of all those years, 
there are landmarks, and relics, and interesting legends, and tales of love and war, to entertain 
the curious and to interest the student. There is record enough, in letters and pictures, and 
chronicles of the times, and the ruins of towns and churches, to enable us to follow the eventful 
life of those early colonists with comparative completeness. 

Here was the scene of many an encounter in the old colonial days between the new- 
comers and the savage ; between the Briton and the French ; between the red-coated soldiers 
and rebellious colonists; and, finally, between the great Northern and Southern armies. 

Surely no land in this western hemisphere has been so hallowed and rendered so dear to 
its people as has Virginia by the life-blood of her sons so freely given, by her struggles, her 
wars, her disasters, her victories. What a glorious roll-call: Captain John Smith, Lord Delaware, Lord Berkeley, 
Nathaniel Bacon, Patrick Henry, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and down the years to Stonewall Jackson 
and Robert E. Lee. 

The home of the first aristocratic families in America; the birthplace and cradle of statesmen; the home of 




7%««n?5.-'A^ 



gentlehood; the school of chivalry; the richest field for historical 
phere; the land of romance and wai , as tair a land as has been 
man ; such was, is, 
And in tiiese modern 
commercial turmoil and 
the clash of arms, this 
been brought almost 
the fast -flying vestibule 
road — the Chesapeake 
of tiie times in which 
a striking contrast with 
travel in those early 
Then the great natural 
Mountains, deadened, 
bitions of the hardiest 
Now the traveller, 
in a Pullman, soars over 
wings of steam. The 
Railway is one of the 
ed systems in the United 




[ " The Blue Ridge and Allesfhany mountains are wooded to their tops and 
look as green as the hillsides around Lake Maggiore."'] 



research in the western hemis- 
bequeathed by the Creator to 
and will be, Virginia, 
d lys — these days when 
■strife have supplanted 
land of romance has 
to our very doors by 
tiains of a great rail- 
& Ohio, a fitting symbol 
we live — and furnishing 
the primitive modes of 
days of colonial life, 
barriers, the Alleghany 
if not defeated, the am- 
e.xplorers. 

luxuriantly ensconced 
them in a night on the 
Chesapeake & Ohio 
most perfectly appoint- 
States. It stretciies in 



unbroken length from Washington and Old Point Comfort on the East, to Cincinnati on the West, and, in connec- 
tion with the "Big Four "and Pennsylvania Railroad, runs solid trains through from New York to Chicago and 
St. Louis (which latter point is reached several hours quicker from New York than by any other line), and withal 
gives the traveller a wider view of historical places and more lovely mountain scenes than is obtainable by 



any other route. 



17 



r 



None of the various crossings of tlie Allegiianies and their neighboring ranges compare in extent of bold 
mountain scenery with that traversed by the Chesapeake & Ohio. All are striking, but on tiiis line the trains 
whirl the tourist for hours through wonderful scenes such as on other lines are confined to much narrower limits, 
even v/iiere they are presented at all. As an example, along the New River and the Greenbrier there are many 
miles of views which rival or surpass the widely noted Delaware Water Gap. The secret of this lies in the fact that 
this line encounters the greatest number of parallel ranges, wiiile the altitudes increase as the mountains run 

soutiiward toward tiie crowning summits, 
the highest east of the Rockies. 

in the beauty of tiie plain country 
which it traverses, the Cliesapeake & Ohio 
is also fortunate. The territory east of 
and skirting the Blue Ridge, the far-famed 
valleys of the Shenandoah, the Kanawha, 
and the Ohio, the Blue Grass Region of 
Kentucky, the charming surroundings of 
Richmond, and the many beauties of the 
Lower Peninsula and the approaches to the 
sea afford the traveller increasing deliglit. 
These are the general features. The 
details which fill in the remarkable pano- 



rama are equally interesting, and richly 
repay attention. The Great Natural Bridge, 
the Grottoes of the Shenandoah, such 
well-known mountain resorts as the Vir- 
ginia Hot, Warm, and Healing Springs ; 
Rockbridge Alum, Greenbrier White Sul- 
phur, Red Sulphur, Salt Sulphur, Old Sweet 
and Sweet Chalybeate Springs, "The 
Alleghany " at Goshen, and the Gladys Inn 
at Clifton Forge, the "New intermont" 
at Covington, the Falls of the Kanawha, 
the renowned battle-fields of the Revolution 
and the Rebellion, the ciiarm and interest 
of Richmond and its vicinity, the beginnings 
of American history on the James, and the 





On the I in 
and romanti 






ii T tliL-rc arcj many mllL■^ ul \ic\vs whicli surpass in wild 
scenery the widely nuted JJclawaic Water Gap. 'J 

beautiful waters of Hampton Roads, may be mentioned as ciiief among the many attractions which the line presents. 
He who can travel by it ullmoved ought to be placed on the Jersey Flats, and forbidden the sight of 
anytliing more picturesque tiian a machine shop. There is a famous road in Italy which attracts 
by its rapid alternations of dark tunnel and picturesque valley, but it is no exaggeration to say 
tJiat as much could be abstracted from tiie Virginia line without being missed. Every one who 
ever crossed the Alps into Italy remembers the zig-zags from which he looks down on the valley he 
is reaching. But tiie liiils around are bare and hard. Tiie generous Alleghanies and the Blue 
, Ridge are richly wooded to their tops, and look as soft and green as the hillsides around Lake 
Maggiore. All travellers by the Pennsylvania remember that attractive piece of fancy engineering 
known as the " Horseshoe," and nobody has gone to California without recalling the doubling o^ 
\ Cape Horn — where your train winds up and around the high brow of a mountain 
as if to give you a look at the valley below. The traveller across the 
Virginias oy tiie Chesapeake & Ohio can have delights like these again and 
again repeated. Tlie Riiine owes no little of its attractiveness to tiie 
battlements on its steeps. The New River is not, indeed, like the Rhine 
in breadth and deptii, but it has features of its own. Now it is a broad 
stream, leisurely chattering to the woods that overhang it ; anon it is 
ill a narrower bed scolding tiie rocks, as large as houses, tliat have intruded 
themselves upon it from the hillsides, of wliich they grew weary. But 
i8 




for giant cliffs, eagles' nests, lovers' leaps, Drachenfels, and mountain fastnesses in ruins, the New River can compete 
with any stream in travelled lands, and with this difference in its favor: that no cunning count or baron bold piled 
up these frowning battlements. Geological forces, in an omnipotent hand, and with an unlimited time in which 
to work, placed these precipitous, castle-like crowns on the wooded hills, and gave them a peculiarity not seen 
elsewhere, namely, that behind tiiem corn and wine abound ; for the Alleghanies are fertile to their summits. As 
one is whirled along, it is difficult to say which challenges most admiration — the river below, the cliffs above, the 
graceful lines of the hills, the moving shadows over the green slopes of the mountain-sides, or the sublime audacity 
that dared to run a railroad through such a region. 

The main line of the road is built upon the trail of the aborigines and the early settlers who penetrated the 
Alleghany Mountains. The Sandusky Indians came down from Ohio on their annual hunt, leaving tiieir old and 
rheumatic at the springs to be cured of their ills. The stage coaches between Virginia and the Ohio River later 
Tollowed the same route. The James River division is laid upon the line of the old James River and Kanawha 
Canal, which, in turn, was a development of the James River Canal, of which George Washington was the first 
president. So, it is not strange that we find ourselves riding in a vestibuled car over the road wiiich Patrick Henry 




[" No other line spanning the territory between the Atlantic Ocean and the Central States can 
compare with it in the wealth of scenic attractions."] 

travelled on horseback when he went from Hanover Court House to Williamsburg, or that we stop for a few hours 
in Richmond and visit the church where he raised his mighty shout for liberty or death. From the train we see 
Monticello, the home of Jefferson, and the University of Virginia, which he founded and nurtured. 

No other line spanning the territory between the Atlantic Ocean and the Central States can compare with the 
Chesapeake & Ohio in the wealth of scenic attractions, as it is undoubtedly the most beautiful line, of equal length, 
in America. Every portion of the route possesses its peculiar and individual charms. One, because the traveller 
views a land historic as the place where the hardy colonists first strove to gain a foothold in the new world, where 
the primeval savage was first overcome, where the life and manners of the mother country found their closest 
counterpart, and where the great leaders of the greatest movement for freedom the world has ever known were born 
and raised the cry of liberty. Another, because it has been the theatre of two wars, the meeting-place between 
great armies, the memory of whose conflicts will last as long as history itself, and a third, because it gives the 
traveller glimpses and broad views of mountain scenery unsurpassed anywhere on the American continent for 
picturesque loveliness and startling grandeur. 

19 




[" The mountains about the Hot Springs arc rich in romantic scenery, and graceful water-falls abound by the score.' J 

The train service of tiie line is famous. The " F. F. V." is one of the most perfect and popular trains in the 
world, as well as the only vestibuled, electric-lighted train with through dining-car running between New York, 
Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington in the East, and Cincinnati, Louisville, Chicago, and St. Louis in the West, 

Leaving New York at 5 P. M. , 
Philadelphia 7.40 P. M., Baltimore 9.55 
P. M., and Washington 11.10 P. M., 
it passes through the glorious mountain 
scenery of the Alleghanies and reaches 
the celebrated Springs region of the 
Virginias next morning, and Cincinnati 
at 5.45 P. M. The entire equipment 
is brand-new and furnished with every 
appliance for safety, comfort, and lux- 
ury. The train is painted a bright 




orange — the company's standard color 
— from front to rear, and presents a 
strikingly handsome appearance. A 
special feature this season, and one 
which all lovers of the beautiful in 
nature will appreciate, is the observa- 
tion car which is attached to the 
F. F. V. between Hinton and Cincin- 
nati, a daylight ride of -joo miles, 
affording unobstructed views of the 
matchless scenery through the New 
River canons and along the banks of 




["The equipment of the C he^apeake A; ( Hiio is |m rh , i , [li, , 
ated on the block system, and laid with tlie heaviest rail: 



11 ire line beuiK < 
, rock ballasted. 



the Kanawha and Ohio, streams famous for tiieir picturesque and romantic scenery tiiroughout the entire world. 




'^^f^^^" 



Among the many resorts on the Chesapeake & Ohio is the famous Hot Springs, of which more will be heard 
and said during the next generation than any other in America. It is in the beautiful Warm Springs Valley 
reached by a branch from Covington, is surrounded on all sides by rugged mountain peaks and ranges, and seems all 
the brighter and fresher for tiiis proximity. Nowhere in this country has Nature revealed iierself in fairer form or 

bestowed her blessings more bountifully, and, it may be added, nowhere 

- ^-^M^.. ■ '^^^ "^^" ^^y^^n advantage more fully of the bounties thus bestowed. 

^^fe?^^^-- — ^ ~ 'n the very heart of tlie Appalachian Mountains, this valley has long 



been a noted resort for health and pleasure seekers. Since the time of 
the Sandusky Indian, who was accustomed to bring here his aged and 
rheumatic, the wonderful healing springs, the invigorating air, and the 

marvellous beauty of the spot iiave proven attractions irresistible to multitudes. Until recently only accessible by 

stage, and with crude and unsatisfactory arrangements for the comfort and convenience of the visitor, the region 

has been known to, and visited by but a small 

portion of the constantly growing army of 

American tourists and pleasure seekers. 

To-day all is changed. Taken in hand 

by a number of far-sighted, liberal-minded 

men who have spent lavishly time, tliought, 

and money, the valley has been brought within 

twelve hours of New York and Cincinnati and 

less than eight 

hours from 

Washmgton, 

with through, 

Pullman Car] 

connections 
The old 

been largely 

a n ew a n d 

which is all 

having large, f!! 

electric lights, 

manager of 

wood, N. J , 

the hotels at 

tion to 




1 c c o m m o d a 1 1 o n s have 

iiiLi eased by the addition of 

iLitial hotel, " The Virginia," 

that the term modern implies, 

\\ airy rooms, steam heat, 

vators, etc. Mr. Fred Sterry, 

The Lakewood," at Lake- 

-1 now has entire charge of 

Hot Springs, which, in addi- 



I he be lutifnl hotel, ' The ^ ii ^ini i 
world are recently complt ttd t 

The Virginia," include the "Homestead," one ot the most delightlul specimens of the true colonial 
hostelries, large, roomy, cheerful, and homelike. Above all, howevei', the crowning glory of the valley, beyond 



what Nature herself has given, is the new bath-Iiouse, which cost over a quarter of 
dollars, and is said to be the finest and most complete in the world. Built 
only after the most careful planning and consultation, including visits to the 
most famous spas of Europe and the investigation of all the methods of treat- 
ment in vogue, every desirable appliance known has been added to make the 
equipment perfect. It is said that no other establishment of tiie kind in the 
world combines within itself so much that is efficient in the treatment of the 
ills flesh is heir to. Douches, plunge baths, Turkish baths, Russian, vapor, 
needle, massage, and sun baths, electric, medicated, and mud baths, all are 
arranged for, and may be enjoyed under most agreeable conditions. 

These are for the invalid, the semi-invalid, and the man who is " out ot 
sorts" and wants to be "braced up." For those seeking recreation the 
valley has much to offer. "With miles of romantic and beautiful drives over 
perfect roads, smooth boulevards, mountain roads, fascinating walks, forests 
and meadows, cliffs and caverns, cascades and brooks," there is something to 
meet the wishes of every one. 

Sparkling streams filled with trout; the surrounding mountains abounding 
in deer, as well as an occasional bear; with good horses and dogs, and tennis 
courts and bowling alleys, the jaded man and woman can find every variety 
of healthful rest and recreation to suit all inclinations. 



million 





L" liu 



ilot bpnn.,^ has the most charming and carefully restricted 
cottage life of any similar resort in the world."] 



The altitude of the valley (2,500 feet), and its protection by the surrounding mountains from wind storms and 
sudden changes, combine to produce a temperature safe in winter and delightful all tiie rest of the year. The 
humidity so often experienced in mountain regions is here unknown, fogs and mists are rarely seen, and the clear 
dry air is laden with invigorating ozone. 

With perfect hotels, admirably conducted, 
and the most charming and carefully restricted 
cottage life of any similar resort in the world, 
the time is at hand when to admit unfamiliarity 
with the Hot Springs of Virginia is to proclaim 
one's ignorance of tiiat which is most note- 
worthy among American resorts. 

They can be reached by the Chesapeake 
& Ohio in 14 hours from New York, 12 hours 
from Philadelphia, 9 hours from Baltimore, 8 
hours from Washington and Richmond, 10 
hours from Norfolk, and 1 2 hours from Cincin- 
nati, and it is worthy of note that the un- 
equaled medicinal waters of this famous valle\ 
are so accessible to the populous regions of the 
country, and that no other region offers similar attractions or equal facilities in the matter of convenience, climate, 
baths, hotel accommodations, and healthful recreations. The Virginia Hot Springs Co. is expending upward of 

one million dollars in improvements, and will 
soon have, if indeed it has not already, the 
grandest sanitarium and pleasure resort in the 
United States. 

The same company which owns and has 
developed the Hot Springs also owns the 
famous old Warm Springs, just five miles 
distant, and reached by a beautiful, well- 
graded boulevard, which follows the entire 
distance one of the most fertile and romantic 
valleys in America. At tiie Warm Springs 
there are two great pools — one for ladies and 
one for gentlemen — supplied from separate 
springs, and each supplying more than 1,000 
r„ ,p, ,, ,^ J. -—. gallons a minute of crystal water at a tempera- 

L Ine valley, protected by surroundmg mountams trom wmd storms 

and sudden changes, has a delightful climate all the year."] turC of 96 F. The hotel at the Warm Springs 

is of the pure old Virginian style of architecture, large, cool and inviting, and admirably kept. 

For three generations these springs have been visited by people from all parts of the United States and foreign 
countries, and even when it involved a long and tiresome journey in primitive stage coaches they were a fnvorite 
resort of the wealth and fashion of Virginia and the South. The bail room ■ V , /'.connected 

with the hotel — a peculiarly Southern institution — is one of the finest in ? ^"Si^ /. the State 




and has been the scene of many joyous occasions, and 
of many conquests. 

Three miles from the Hot Springs in the opposite 
direction from the Warm Springs are the Healing 
Springs, which for more than a century have been the 
Mecca for the ill, the waters being in thermal analysis 
almost identical with the German Schlagenbad and 
Ems. A visit to this beautiful valley will always be 
remembered with joy and pleasure. It is doubtful 
any single territory offers greater opportunities 
healthful recreation, or is more easily accessible from 
the populous centres. Visitors from New England 
or New York may make a considerable portion of 
the journey to or from the Hot Springs valley or 
other resorts on the line of tiie C. & O. by ocean 



ioubtless 




rhc mountains aliound in game, some of 
which is by no means small."] 




liiSSS^ 



on the commodious and beautiful steamers of the Old Dominion Line, which leave New 
York at three o'clock in the afternoon and reach Newport News, Norfolk, and Old Point 
Comfort early the next forenoon. 

How much is contained in this bare statement! To the traveller it means a delio-htful 
sea-voyage of eighteen hours— then direct connection with through trains for the West or 
South. To the tourist it means, after the ocean trip, many delightful days spent amid peaceful, 
and restful, and intensely interesting surroundings. To tiie antiquarian, the historian, the 
lover of the old days of colonial life long gone, it means the tracing of the foot-prints ol 
the early English settlers struggling to gain a foothold in a strange and hostile land. To 
the tired and careworn business man, weary of the incessant bustle, and worry, and turmoil 



of city life, it 
means days of 
quiet where the 
air, fresh and ex 
hilarating, comes 
bearing to him a 
quickened pulse 
a brightened eye, 
a new lease of 
vigorous life. 
How potent the 
attraction of a 
summer voyage to 
the average man! 
What comfort to 
get away from the 
heated and crowd- 
ed city, and after 
an invigorating 
day and night on - - 

, J , f , [" The steamships of the Old Dominion Line are tlun'ouKlily modern, patterned npun the best models 

Ola ocean, unci of the day, strong and handsome as any 'ocean greyhound.' "J 

one's self lazily lounging or strolling on one of the finest beaches in the wodd; where the water and air for 3,000 
miles straight away are untainted by contact with city life; where there is neither work, nor worry, nor noises; 
where the charlatans and tricksters do not make the very air, and sea, and sky hideous with their noises and money- 
making contrivances; where the turmoil and crowding of the great resorts, popular with the multitude, are not found, 
and where the tired body and mind may, in peace and quietude, gain renewed strength and health. What calm 
happiness to stroll through quiet, old towns and sleepy churchyards; to drowsily watch the centenarian negro 
and the ragged pickaninny engage in noisy competition " foh de gen'man's luggage, sah "; or to drive lazily from 
point of interest to point 
house or the Soldiers' Home 
quaint and all but forgotten 
What restfulness to float 
in the world ; to follow the 
tile first English settlers, 
and thence to Jamestown ; 
English church and there to 
marking the final resting- 
missioner Blair, wife of the 
Mary College, and there to 
vast throng of gallant men 
have made so brave a 
of the Old Dominion State, 
have just been added to 
already large fleet — the 




of beauty, from substantial old colonial manor- 
or Government Indian school, to the ruins of a 
town! 

tor hours together on one of the loveliest bays 
path traced by the three little barks, bearing 
, from the mouth of Chesapeake Bay to Hampton, 
to stand in the shadow of the ruins of the first 
read the half-obliterated names on the fiat stones, 
places of Lady Frances Berkeley and Mrs. Com- 
founder of William and 
rest and idly dream of the 
and handsome women who 
showing in the Vanity Fair 
The two new boats which 
the Old Dominion Line's 
"Jamestown" and the 
Yorktown," so appropriately named after these two famous historic points— are thoroughly modern vessels in 









23 



every respect, patterned upon the best models of to-day, strong and handsome as any 
" ocean greyhound," luxuriously furnished, with large and airy staterooms, electric lights, 
best of service, and excellent cuisine, and every possible arrangement for the comfort 
and safety of their passengers. Going on board either of the vessels for the first 





time, the passenger is surprised by the 
immensity of the boat first, then by its 
beauty of shape and finish, and finally by 
lis cleanliness. To the worried man or 
woman getting away from the city for a 
lew happy days or hours, the interest of 
the trip begins with the putting of foot on 
the gang-plank. The busy scenes, ever 
recurring as a boat is about to sail, are 
always of intense interest to one making 
a first trip, and never wearisome even to 
the most "hardened" sailor. Leaving 
desk, or office, or home at two or half-past, 
the busy dock is reached at three; by 




[" The interior finish of these beautiful steamships is as rich in woodwork 
and luxurious in upholstery as that of a palace."] 



three-thirty you find yourself steaming 

past ferry-boats, freighters, emigrant 

boats, ocean-liners — all manner of 

quaint, and curious, and interesting 

floating craft ; by four, you have left the 

Goddess of Liberty far behind and are | 

fairly started on your anticipated trip. 

As the city fades from view the vessel 

calls for your attention. From deck to 

stateroom and parlor, from parlor to 

dining-room, from dining-room to 

smoking-room, from bow to stern, and 

from tlie upper deck to the steerage 

you make your investigating way, to 

find everything clean, handsome, and strong. By the time your investigation is over and you are satisfied that 

the arrangements are complete for a comfortable night, you are called to dinner. 

After dinner, it is a gamd^bf whist, a cigar, a book, or a c]uiet chat on deck, where one is tempted 

by the brilliant, moonlit beauty of the scene to spend the night. The hours slip away unheeded, 

and when at last you prepare to go below, you are surprised to find how late it has become. You 

feel already that work and worry are left far behind; a strange contentment with your surroundings 

steals over you, and you wish the night and the ride might continue indefinitely — forever. And/'li 

when you do reach your comfortable bed, such sleep is yours as you have not known for years. 

It is curious to note the change produced in a few short hours by the siiilting of tiie scenes, the 
release from tiie grind of every-day life, tiie getting away from the heated 
city, the breatiiing of tiie soft salt air, pure, and fresh, and cool. The next morning you 
are up early, refreshed by your sound sleep, and, al"ter a substantial and well-served 
breakfast, ready to get out on deck where you may enjoy to the full the early morning on 
tile sea. In all nature there are but few scenes to compare witii tiiis. Everywhere, as far 
as the eye can reach, you see nothing but the boundless ocean — but soon you discover far to 
tlie southwest the dim outlines of the low shores about Capes Henry and Charles. Tiie 
fleet vessel bears you speedily within their lines, and into tiie ix\icctui and beautiful 
waters of lower Chesapeake Bay, wiiere the landing is made at fiinous cMd Point 
Comfort. All is life and gayety about the pier; groups of pretty girls — you wonder 
where they all could have come from — handsome army officers from the fort in 
24 







dazzling uniforms, and hordes of darkies and wiiarf roustabouts. 

After a brief stop at Old Point Comfort, the steamer proceeds t 
Norfolk, which is directly across the bay. This is one of those 
Southern cities in which the old has long struggled with and been 
finally overcome by the new order of things. With the new 
life vigorously pushing out and obliterating the old, there are 
yet many of the landmarks of generations gone to attract and 
■entertain the chance visitor, the antiquarian, or the historian. 
There are some handsome old homes, a number of delightfu] 
■drives, and many a point of interest in and around the city, 
about some of which are related most romantic stories of the late 
Avar. Chief among the attractions here, however, as at most of 
the first settlements made by the early English colonists, is the 
picturesque moss-grown church. In St. Paul's may be seen 
5ome of those curious old epitaphs in which so many of oui 
forefathers seemed to delight. Among the stones intact are 
those marking the graves of the wife of Nathaniel Bacon and 
William Cowper's two wives. 

From Norfolk a ride of about thirty-five minutes carries 
the tourist to that world-wide famous 



[," Monuments perpetuating deeds which have 
gone down to history."] 

spot, Virginia Beach, and there are few prettier 
places on the Atlantic coast. But one or two 
beaches in the world can compare with it. 
Smooth as any floor, sloping gently from the land 
level, without undertow or quicksands, and with 
water warm, and clean, and pleasant, the bathing 
is une.xcelled anywhere. Facing the water, and 
not a hundred feet away, is the substantially built 
and modernly equipped hotel, The Princess Anne, 
ri, ,,..„, , , o . .-,_,■, one of the best seaside hotels to be found anv- 

L 1 here are many pomes ol interest m Richmond, including the 

old Washington headquarters." ] where SOUth of Atlantic City. 

From Norfolk it is also but a short sail to Newport News, the connecting-point between the Old Dominion 
Steamship Company and the Chesapeake & Ohio Railroad. Here the C. & O.'s passengers from the West are trans- 
ferred without de- 
lay to the Old 
Dominion steam- 
ers, to continue 
their trip to New 
York by water. 
Here also the Old 
Dominion steam- 
ers, stop on the 
way to Richmond 
and Washington, 
these trips being ^ 
amongthe delight- J 
ful possibilities for ' 
those who have 
time to prolong 
their trip or who 
are westward- 
bound. 

Connection for 
Cincinnati, St. 
Louis, Louisville, 




["The Capitol Square in Richmond is a !■■ 
buildings — one famous as the 



: i '.' ■ ' ■ ,L,raccful monuments and stately public 
cat ut the Confederate Government."' 



25 



Chicago, the West and South 
at Richmond or Washington, 
heart of Virginia, or, even bet- 
That such a trip from New 




■4W*fJWwrr 




generally, may be made either at Newport Kews, as already stated, or 

thus giving the tourist the option of going by rail or water through the very 

ter, of going one way by water and returning by rail. 

York t" ' >i f i'"int Comfort, Norfolk, and Newport News, or from there to 
Richmond or Washington and return by boat or 
rail, can be made comfortably, without hurry, in 
ifrom eight to twelve days, and at an expense for 
the entire trip for transportation not exceeding 
tiiteen to twenty dollars, seems impossible, but, 
owing to tile liberal management of tlie Old 
Dominion Steamship Co., is true. It is expected, 
however, that the shorter trip, from New York to 
Old Point Comfort and Virginia Beach and return, 



al Soldiers' Homo, at Hampton, 
; well worth visiting. "] 



w wen worm vismui;. j " 

will appeal more largely to the man whose business demands that he shall be absent but a few days at a time trom 



f -t r-t r^ -r^ ^^f 



his desk. Special trip tickets are sold for about Sio.oo, covering three 
one-half at the Hygeia Hotel, at Old Point Comfort, or at the Princess Ann, 
every expense forthe entire trip— transportation, meals and bertlis <;/ roiiU; 
are fond of the sea, and wish to enjoy a longer outing 
upon the water, will find the trips to Richmond by the 
Old Dominion line very inviting. They occupy four 
or five days, and can be made most comfortably in tlie 
beautiful boats in regular service, giving, in addition, nn 
opportunity of visiting Richmond, than which no 
city in the country has had a more stirring history. 
It has within its limits and immediate surround- 
ings many points of intense interest to the tourist. 
These are, without question, the most attractive | 
trips out of New York City, the appreciation of 
which fact is daily attested by the increasing 



days, one-half on the water and 
Virginia Beach. This price covers 
hotel charo-es, etc. Those wiio 




f 



A t: 






i.Aai»^ 



^^^^. 



wi 



[" The Indian School, at Hampton, which stands as a monument to 
wiiiLU ULi IS uaii_y ..n^^i^v. ^. j ...- o the late General Armstrong."] 

demand for rooms on the steamers of the Old Dominion Line. The company has arranged a complete series of 
'— — ~~ ' tours of greater or shorter length ^^nm^ 




Some 
nclude only the journey by water to 
Norfolk and its surrounding resorts; 
otiiers, and to many the most enjoy- 
able, give the traveller an opportunity 
of exploring many of the picturesque 
f Southern rivers, which are navigable far 
inland from the coast line, and present 
unique and novel features 
both of scenery and of 
people. During the summer 
months, application should 
be made as early as pos- 
sible for rooms, in order 
that no disappointments may 
result. The Old Dominion 
Steamship Company will 
be glad to furnish furtiier 
information or to give an 
order for inspection of the 
new vessels to any one 
making application for same 
at their general offices. Pier 
20 N. R., foot of Beach 
Street. New York City. Any 
one who is undecided just where to go 
for a spring or summer outing cannot get better suggestions 
than by sending for the printed matter of this popular line.. 
26 



It is doubtful if there is any one resort in America about which more romances or tender memories cling than 
Old Point Comfort. For many years there has been gathered under the hospitable roof of the great Hygeia Hotel— 
wliose accommodations are so ample that a thousand guests may be comfortably cared for at a time— a gay con- 
course of the representatives of the world of politics, literature, and fashion. Here liave come the liappy brides and 
grooms of two generations. Here have -^, gathered for rest and relaxation gray-haired statesmen, 

worried with problems of 
perous business men and 
daughters, all ^^t" W"^*^' | blending in one happy 

throng— ^ ,mF^ ' "" ^^™"^ ^'^''^'^ 

with \^ ^^^ I .'■ common accord 

/\„ ^ to have for 




state. 



Here, too, have come the pros- 
mciers, with their wives and 




gotten care, and 

over to a full 

of dolce far niente, so 

spots — the Riviera of fair . 

so much alike in all that go to make a 

lias been built so close to the water's edge that 

of higii tide, is surrounded by broad porches o1 



has given itself 
enjoyment of the spirit 
characteristic of two 
Italy and of Old Point Comfort — 
climate perfect. The hotel, which 
it seems almost to be marking the limit 
almost interminable length, which by day 



or night provide ample opportunity for out-of-door promenades or rest; while the beautiful and spacious ball- 
room, in which so many gay and happy tiirongs of fair women and handsome men have danced the hours away, 
has been crowded out over tlie very sea itself, whicli sends greetings in its invigorating and bracing breezes tlirough 
the hundred windows. 

The popularity of the Hygeia does not, however, rest alone upon its superb location. For years it has been 
known as a model hostlery, and its genial manager, Mr. F. N. Pike, is ever on the alert to keep its cuisine, service, 
and appointments up to tiie Iiigli standard which has made it famous. Every attention has been given to the 
sanitary arrangements, tire plumbing and 
drainage being as perfect as can be found in 
any hotel or public building in the country. 
Careful attention is also paid to the water 
used for drinking purposes, notliing but pure 
rain water carefully filtered through Pasteur's 
germ-proof filter being used. The hotel is 



^^ [ substantially built, luxuriously furnished, 

\ with many of the rooms en suite, and fitted 

with all modern improvements, such as 

elevators, gas, electric lights, electric bells, 

oral annunciators, Turkisli and Russian 

. - - baths. There are also bath-rooms, furnish- 

[" During the bathing '^"^^^'-j^'^'he beach in^front of the Hygeia is gay .^^^ j^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^.^^^ ^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^^. ^,,,^,^5 

on nearly every floor. Just a few hundred yards up the quaint and romantic old thoroughfare of Old Point, the 
tourist enters Fort Monroe, a grim old caricature of war— impregnable in appearance, but in reality what 
would be the veriest eggshell to the modern men-of-war should they turn their guns upon it. The moat, so 
sLiggestive of days of chivalry, is crossed by an ancient drawbridge, as in days of yore ; but once througii 
the tunnel, under the casements, the visitor finds himself upon the beautiful parade-ground, witii its skirting 
of huge 'live-oak trees, which shed a welcome shade, and under which there gathers every evening a 
gay and happy assemblage to view the manoeuvres of tlie troops on their daily dress parade. There 

27 





is about the old fortress an never-ending charm 
Its history, both of war and peace, its beauty, its 
romance, all tend to fascination. One may idle hours 
away upon the soft green turf of the ramparts watch- 
ing the white-winged messengers of commerce pass 
to and fro upon the deep-blue waters of tlie bay, 
which stretch out before the eye in beautiful pan- 
orama. The very breezes at 
the sea are tempered so as 
not to break the charm. 
There is about the spot an 
indescribable yet potent 
makes one loath to leave. 
Old Point Comfort is partic- 
3. complete absence of tlie 
undertow so noticeable on 
beaches. Children particu- 
in the surf, and during the 
beach directly in front of the 
brilliant throng of bathers. 





liich 
Tile bathing at 
iilarly fine, as there is 
strong and treacherous 
tlie more northern 
1 irly revel by the hour 
bathing hours, the 
Hygeia is gay with a 
Those who enjoy fish- 



ing will find the waters of Hampton Roads an ideal spot for the enjoyment of the sport, and every morning scores 

of craft, great and small, leave the Hygeia filled witii iiappy anglers. One 
of the favorite spots for the followers of Izaak Walton is at the Rip Raps, 
Y *CS>^ almost directly in front of the hotel, and about two miles distant. This 

famous old fort has cost the Government millions of money, and was 
•ntended as a defence for Hampton Roads against the incursions of 
hostile navies, but is now a ruin, whose only occupants are the few watch- 
men in charge, and whose granite walls are crumbling away. Nor is 
the Fortress the only point of interest to the visitor at Old Point Comfort. 
Hamilton, which is easily reached by boat, carriage, or electric cars, 
claims attention as being the point where the English first landed. They 
,„..,,, , , , , didn't remain long — tradition savs "their departure was not made in 

L Listlessly they wiitcli the slowly . ^ ■ ' 

ebbing tide."] Seemingly nor orderly manner, but men think little of these things when 

flying from savages with murtherous poisoned [ 
arrows and dreadful yells." Hampton is now the 
seat of the Hampton Indian School, a lasting monu- 
ment to the late General Armstrong, where about 
one hundred Indian boys and girls and three hun- 
dred negroes are being educated ; and the Old 
Soldiers' Home, one of the le?rgest in the country. 
Both institutions are admirably managed, and with 






^,,y^ rnrnni 




tlicir bcaiililul buikling^ .iiul yioLUuls well worthy 
the visitor's time. Last, though first of all in 
beauty and interest, is the quaint little English 
church of St. John, the second oldest now in use 



in tliis country. Erected in 1030, 
St. John's has never been without a 
pastor and a congregation. There 
are many other interesting excur- 
sions which may be made either 
by water, or by carriage over most 
excellent shell roads, all of which 
will repay the visitor. 




[ " iJne may idle hours away upon the soft green turf of the ramparts, 
wati hing the white-winged messengers of commerce." ] 



All excursion tickets issued by the Chesapeake & Ohio Railroad may include stop-over privileges at Goshen 
when desired. Thus the road has anticipated the desire of a large proportion of their tourists to break their journey 
and to rest at so charming a spot. Goshen is on the main line of the C. & O., about one night's ride from 
Cincinnati; about five hours from Washington, and is the station where tourists take the narrow-gauge Railroad for 
Rockbridge Alum Springs. 

At this point, high among the mountains on a commanding elevation, affording entrancing views of the sur- 
rounding country the Alleghany has been recently completed. Striking in its 
architecture, with its open fireplaces, its electric lights and elevators, its luxurious 
furnishings, its extensive piazzas, and its varied and perfect baths, it is unsurpassed 
by any hotel in the South. Built at an expense exceeding $200,000, nothing has 
been omitted calculated to add to the comfort and w ell-being of its visitors. Sucii 
the hotel and such the management that 
within one short yeai the Alleghany has come 
to be the beau ideal nf a summei home to 
hundreds. 



Amusement^ 
of all kinds have 
been provided, 
and among the 
features not often 
found in Southern 
resorts may be 
mentioned th< 
excellent orche- 

. . , , . - - - 11^ the ninuntains. on a comiiianciini; ele\ation, artordin., tntraiuiiiL, \ u u > .it iht. 

tra, which durillg surrounding country, the Alleghany has been recently completed."] 

the entire season contributes to the enjoyment of the guests. The air is pure and invigorating, the drainage 
natural and perfect, and the baths, medicinal, hot and cold, are calculated to make the invalid and the well alike 
stronger and healthier. The well-known Mr. J. Watkins Lee is proprietor of the Alleghany, and also of the Rawley 
Springs, Rockingham County, Va., a place full of varied and interesting attractions. 

Few visitors to the great Springs region of Virginia fail to become acquainted with Covington, first 
because of its location, being the junction point of the main line of the Chesapeake & Ohio, and the new short 
line direct to the Hot Springs Valley ; second, because the attractive features of the country immediately adjacent 
to the town compel attention. Here tourists to and from the Springs, as a rule, plan to remain over-night, that 




they may rest, and resume their journey bv 
delights awaiting them — but, alas for 
temptation to prolong the stay 
Situated in the very heait 
country," Covington 
to be found at no 
South, and is beside 
of as charming a 
world boasts, 
tion of the con- 
number of visitor? 
has recently beei 
which, towering 
them as the \ 
"F. F. v.," dis- 
to the fare await- r 

on a knoll overlooking 
Intermont " is a striking ex- 



4^ 




daylight, refreshed and ready to more fully enjoy the 

the stability of human plans ! the- 

indefinitely usually proves irresistible. 

of the great "iron 

has features of interest. 

other point in the 

the central spot 

country as the 

For accommoda- 

stantly increasing 

a beautiful hotel 

c onstructed, 

palace-like before 

• alight from the 

pels all doubts as 

ing them. Built up- 

thetown, the "New 

ample of modern hotel 

ped with every device necessary 

inclined tourist of this comfort 

" New Intermont " is beautiful and 



,^isas,jafca^ 



architecture and is fully equip- 
to the well being of the luxuriously 

l^,,;,,^ .,™„ TU„ ,.:^... f „ *i, [" The view from the ' New Interment' 

loving age. The view from the Covington is beautiful and inspiring."] 

inspiring. The mountains near at hand are filled with game, not always "small," and the huntsman cannot do 
better than to spend some time in this vicinity. The hotel is under the management of Mr. H. W. Snyder, who 
knows the country intimately, and under whose guidance every visitor may rest assured of a good time. 



29 



No tourist to Virginia should lose the opportunity of visiting the 
great Natural Bridge, which is so easily accessible and so strangely 
and marvellously made. Accounted one of the " seven wonders " of 
the new world, there is perhaps no one freak of nature so mysterious, 
so unaccountable, and, at tiie same time, so attractive in its beauty as 
tiiis majestic Natural Bridge. 

Not the pen of the writer, the canvas of the painter, or the platr 
of the photographer can reproduce the imposing and majestic grace ol 
this most exquisite example of Nature's architecture. One stands 
spell-bound as he gazes on that glorious arch, wiiich spans one of the 
most romantic glens in tiie world. There is something mysterious 
and awe-inspiring in the superb proportions of this most famous nataral 
curiosity. The place is classic, too, for they tell unbelievable stories 
about how Washington carved his name in the rock a couple ot ; 
hundred feet high, and tlirew stones over the bridge itself. Tlie i 
bridge is 21s feet high, and has a span of 100 feet. Its width is 90' 
feet. 

The admirable care that has been taken to preserve the natural 
wild and picturesque beauty of the glen wiiich the bridge spans, the 
splendid mountain views on all iiands, the beautiful waterfall and river , 
above the bridge, these and other attractions make the place 
charming, and tempt the sojourner to tarry tor days. 

Ample accommodations for the constantly increasing number of 
visitors will be found at the Natural Bridge Hotel, a comfortable and | 
admirably conducted place under the management of Mr. Ciiarles H. 
Nair. The bridge is reached by the James River division of the Chesa- 
peake & Ohio from Clifton Forge, where the lovely Gladys Inn affords! 
comfortable accommodations for tourists who desire to break their 
journey, and one should as soon think of being for the first time in the 
vicinity of Niagara Falls and not viewing them, as to pass through tiiis 
country without spending a day at least at the Natural Bridge. 

A short distance west of Covington on tiie main line of tiie Chesapeake & Ohio is Alleglieny, which derives its 
importance from the fact that it is the point at which all tourists visiting the Sweet Chalybeate Springs or the 
Old Sweet Springs, leave the train. The latter place. Sweet Springs, has had its pleasures sung and its glories 
recited for generations. There is perhaps no one place among the great number of resorts along the route ot the 
Chesapeake & Ohio so dear to the hearts of so many, so loved by those who, season after season, in youth and old 
age, have steadily returned to " dear old Sweet Springs." 

Located, as it is, in a more open country tiian most mountain resorts, it is yet within easy reach of as rugged 
and wild a region as this country affords. This location enables the x'isitur to i;o In Sweet Springs to enjoy all the 
"""^-^^v '-' ' " ' .. ^ mountain liome and, at 




[" No canvas can reproduce the majestic yracc of 
this example of Nature's architecture." ] 



advantages of the usual 
the same time, gives him 
walks, and places before 
cession of beautiful bits o 
tained at any place more 
towering mountains, 
flow from a valley of 
rounded by mountain scen- 
and grandeur. The water 
feature at the Sweet 
ally powerful tonic, and in 
affections, in diseases of 
cuius affections it stands 
The Sweet Springs Ho- 




more lovely drives and 

- iiim a more charming suc- 

^ scenery than can be at- 

'• closely surrounded by 

The Springs tliemselves 

,^ lUi.ictive loveliness sur- 

ery of wondrous beauty 

jjip is an especially attractive 

g|pa Springs, as it is an unusu- 

rheumatic and neuralgic 

tlie kidneys, and in cal- 

probably without a rival. 

tel, whicii comfortably ac- 

one of the finest dining and 



commodates more than 800 persons, is substantially built of brick, and contains 
ball-rooms in the State, which has been the scene of many brilliant gatherings. 

The place is under the personal supervision of Mr. W. B. Bishop, and year after year the charming old house 
is the rendezvous of hundreds of the best representatives of the elite of both North and South, whose very presence 
attests the unwavering popularity of both hostlery and proprietor. 

30 




iil 



I ill -^ ^ ai.*-.. 



^ii&i^i^^yr^fc^B.^is^^ 



[ " rile plant covers an area of seventy-five acres, and has a water frontage of 
one-half mile."] 



In tlie foregoing pages, 
several places of interest have 
been referred to wiiich deserve 
more complete description. 

Most noteworthy among 
them is Newport News, Va . , 
the Eastern deep-water ter- 
minus of the Chesapeake & 
Ohio Railway, and the point 
where connection is made 
with the Old Dominion Steamers for New York, and with the boats of the Merchants & Miners' Steamship Line 
for Providence and Boston. Here, by foresight and enterprise, a city has been made to spring up which has 
already attracted much attention, and is rapidly coming to the front as a manufacturing and commercial seaport. 
Nature has blessed this new Virginia city with one of the finest and most commodious harbors in the world, a 
condition which man has not forgotten to take advantage of, as is evidenced by the constantly increasing export 
business, which aggregated upwards of $10,000,000 in iSp;. The feature of Newport News which has 
probably attracted widest attention is the great shipbuilding plant which Mr. C. P. Huntington, of railway renown, 
has caused to be erected there; it is known as the Newport News Shipbuilding Dry-Dock Company, and covers 
seventy-five acres of land, with a water frontage of a half-mile. In the centre of these works a mammoth dry dock 
lias been constructed, capable of taking in the largest vessels afloat. American and European experts in marine and 

naval construction unite in declaring this great 
shipbuilding establishment, with its modern 
equipment, and appliances for handling material, 
the substantial character and convenient arrange- 
ment of its buildings, the finest and most com- 
plete in the world. 

Tile accompanying illustrations will give 
Slime idea of the magnitude and character of this 
■-I lip-yard, which has a capacity for building ten 
huge vessels at one time, and has already 
acquired an international reputation for doing 
e.xcellent repair work on quick time, and at 
reasonable charges. 

During the past three years, scores of vessels 
of large size have dry-docked and repaired at 
Newport News, among them the American 
1 ine Steamship " New York," on which a vast 
amount of work was done in a short space 
of time. 

As an illustration of the rapidity with 
which vessels can be constructed at this yard, it 
may be stated that recently a 5,000-ton steel 
steamship, 406 feet long and 48 feet beam, was 
built in seven months' time. 

This steamship, which proved to be a 
speedy craft, was subsequently sold by her own- 
ers to the Brazilian Government, and is known 
as dynamite cruiser "Nictheroy." Among other contracts recently made by the Newport News Shipbuilding 
& Dry-Dock Company is one with the United States Government for three gunboats known as 7, 8 and 9, 
which will be marvels of naval architecture in design, material, and workmanship. 

The rapid growth of Newport News from a well nigh barren plateau to a city of some 8,000 people, 
is the result of the wise management of the Old Dominion Land Company, which owns many thousand acres of 
land, comprising the town site and farm lands on the lower Virginia Peninsula. The policy of the company 
has been a conservative one, designed to encourage steady and substantial growth. The beneficial results of 
this policy are now apparent in the healthy business condition prevailing, and, as a result, many capitalists are 
now looking to Newport News for profitable investments, realizing that when the general improvement in 
business throughout the country takes place, Newport News will respond at once and make farther progress in 
population and business enterprise. 

31 




[ " 'I'he magnitude of these works is such that ten large vessels may 
be built at one time."] 



More complete infer- 
mation about this growing 
city may be had of C. B. 
Orcutt, No. I Broadway, 
New York, the President of 
the several Newport News 
corporations referred to. 

Farmers in the North- 
western States who are tiring 
of the meagre results ob- 









[" This great shipbuilding establishment with its substantial and conveniently arranged 
buildings is the finest in the world."] 



tained from their labor are now looking with longing eyes to the South, where they may escape the long 

and rigorous winters and 
secure advantages obtainable 
in a more genial climate. 
Newport News and vicinity 
offer unusual attractions in 
this particular, and will not 
be overlooked in the coming 
exodus. One of the needed 
accessories to a prosperous 
town is an ample water 
supply ; tiiis lias been pro- 
vided at Newport News, 
water works costing over 
SsoOjOOO have been con- 
structed, and over ten miles 
3f street mains have been 
laid, through whicii an 
abundance of good water is 
furnished at fair rates. 

The tourist should not 
pass by Newport News, for 
heie he can be comfortably 
cared for in Hotel Warwick, 
which is built of brick, and 




Atlantic 



handsomely furnished. 



11 I 111 i.t-iuer uf ihe works was the only one this side of ihe 
is piissible to repair the great steamship ' New York.' " ] 

Many things of interest will be found around Newport News by the traveller, seek as 




[ " At these works the dynamite cruiser ' Nictheroy,' a s.oooton steel steamship, 406 feet long and 48 feet beam, afterwards 
prominent in the Brazilian Rebellion, was built in seven months."] 

he may to dwell in the past historic reverie, or get in touch with the throbbing industry of the present day. 



LIBRARY OF CONGREi 




014 441 399 4 



